the physical phase of perming includes

3 min read 13-02-2025

The perm, a classic hairstyle that adds volume and texture, involves a multi-step chemical process. This article focuses on the physical aspects of perming—the actions a stylist takes to achieve the desired curls. Understanding this phase is crucial for both stylists and clients to get the best results and minimize damage.

Preparing the Hair

Before any chemical process begins, the physical preparation of the hair is paramount. This sets the stage for even processing and prevents uneven curl patterns.

1. Consultation and Assessment:

The stylist assesses the client's hair type, length, and condition. This helps determine the appropriate perm rod size and solution strength. Damage or previous chemical treatments are important considerations.
The desired curl pattern is discussed, ensuring client expectations are managed realistically.
A thorough hair and scalp examination is performed to identify any potential issues.

2. Hair Washing and Conditioning:

The hair is washed with a clarifying shampoo to remove product buildup, oils, and other residues. This is vital for even chemical penetration.
A gentle conditioner is applied (avoiding the scalp) to improve hair manageability and minimize damage during the wrapping process.
The hair is thoroughly rinsed and towel-dried. It shouldn't be soaking wet, but should be damp enough to work with easily.

3. Sectioning and Wrapping:

The hair is meticulously sectioned into smaller, manageable areas. This ensures consistent curl formation and avoids missed sections. This usually involves using clips to keep the hair organized.
The chosen perm rods are carefully placed onto the sections. The technique varies depending on the desired curl pattern (tight, loose, spiral, etc.). Specific wrapping techniques are used to achieve different effects.
Every strand is wrapped smoothly and snugly onto the rods to prevent uneven curl formation or damage.

Applying and Processing the Perm Solution

The physical act of applying the perm solution is precise and requires a steady hand.

4. Applying the Perm Solution:

The perm solution (also known as the waving lotion) is carefully applied to each rod, ensuring thorough saturation of all the hair.
The solution is applied in a controlled manner to avoid dripping or running down the client's face or neck. The application requires a professional's expertise.
The stylist times the solution's processing based on the manufacturer's instructions and the hair's condition.

5. Checking for Curl Formation:

Periodically, the stylist will remove a test rod and check for the desired curl formation. This ensures the correct processing time is met.
The test is crucial for avoiding over-processing, which can damage hair severely. It should be performed according to the manufacturer's instructions.

6. Rinsing Out the Perm Solution:

Once the desired curl formation is achieved, the perm solution is thoroughly rinsed from the hair. This is done with lukewarm water to remove all traces of the chemical.
Gentle handling is vital during rinsing to prevent damage to the freshly formed curls.

Neutralizing and Finishing

The final physical steps secure the new curl pattern and prepare the hair for styling.

7. Applying the Neutralizer:

After rinsing, a neutralizer is applied to stop the chemical process and set the curls permanently. The neutralizer closes the hair cuticle.
It's applied in the same methodical manner as the perm solution, ensuring all hair is treated evenly.
This step is crucial for the longevity of the perm and to ensure the curls remain consistent.

8. Rinsing Out the Neutralizer:

The neutralizer is thoroughly rinsed from the hair with lukewarm water.
This step removes any residue that could interfere with styling or affect the health of the hair.

9. Removing the Rods:

Once the neutralizer is rinsed, the perm rods are carefully removed.
Gentle, methodical removal is crucial to prevent damage or breakage.

10. Styling and Conditioning:

A deep conditioning treatment is applied to replenish moisture and restore shine lost during the perming process.
The stylist will usually style the hair to demonstrate the final look and offer advice on aftercare.

Conclusion

The physical phase of perming is a complex and precise process. Following these steps correctly is key to achieving a successful, long-lasting, and healthy-looking perm. Always choose a qualified and experienced stylist to minimize risks and maximize the results. Remember, proper aftercare is also crucial for maintaining your beautiful new curls.